基于排水沟数值模型的工作面涌水量预测

采煤工作面的涌水量预测是煤矿生产过程中防治水工作开展的基础。通过对煤矿采空区水文地质条件概化研究,结合地下水数值模拟软件Visual MODFLOW中各类源汇项的水文地质模型的分析,提出采空区涌水在数值模拟过程中需将其概化为具有面状排水特征的排水沟边界条件,利用面状排水沟边界和局部水均衡分析,可计算得出工作面回采后采空区涌水量。利用本研究得出的采空区概化方法,对黄陇煤田亭南煤矿303工作面进行涌水量数值模拟预测,结果表明其方法合理可靠,流场刻画和水量预测结果均优于以往采用群孔抽水井的概化模型。     

Study on wax precipitation characteristics of wax deposit in pipes

Wax deposit properties are a significant concern in pipeline pigging during waxy crude oil transportation. In the present work, the impacts of flow conditions and oil properties on the wax precipitation characteristics of wax deposits are investigated. A flow loop apparatus was developed to conduct wax deposition experiments using four crude oils collected from different field pipes. The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique was employed to observe the wax precipitation characteristics of crude oil and wax deposit. The results show that the wax content and the wax appearance temperature (WAT) of the deposits increase with shear stress and radial temperature gradient, and decrease with radial wax molecule concentration gradient near the pipe wall. The DSC tests on the wax deposits revealed that the deposit wax content is strongly correlated to the oil wax content. Furthermore, an empirical correlation was developed to predict the wax content and the WAT of the wax deposit. Verification of the empirical correlation using the different oils indicated that the average relative error of the wax content prediction and average absolute error of WAT prediction were 13.2% and 3.6°C, respectively.     

Persistence of lower dimensional invariant tori in a class of reversible systems

In this paper we prove the persistence of lower dimensional invariant tori for a class of reversible systems without any non-degeneracy condition. In the proof, we use the special nature that the dimension of the frequency ω is 2 and the modified KAM iteration to prove the persistence of lower dimensional hyperbolic invariant tori, but the frequency has some small shifts from small perturbations.     

多约束条件下金刚石圆锯片结构优化研究

基于序列响应面模型和混合优化算法相结合的方式,提出一种在复杂载荷条件下降低金刚石圆锯片锯切噪声的优化方法。建立了多变量、多约束条件下金刚石圆锯片结构优化的数学模型,经计算得到了满足刚度要求的优化圆锯片。通过数学统计分析,获得了尺寸参数对锯片的声学、变形以及应力等性能影响规律。根据结果制备了金刚石圆锯片,锯切实验表明优化锯片能够有效的降低噪声,表明这种方法可为锯片或此类结构的声学优化研究提供新的方向和参考依据。     

A two-dimensional air streamer discharge model based on the improved Helmholtz equation at low temperature and sub-atmospheric pressure

In this paper, an efficient boundary condition is applied to solve the photoionization rate, and a two-dimensional numerical simulation is carried out for the development and propagation of an air streamer at low temperature and sub-atmospheric pressure. The results show that the new boundary condition improves the calculation accuracy, but the influence of photoionization on the streamer discharge process is not obvious. The discharge current in the development of streamer discharge is defined, and the corresponding expression of the positive and negative streamer discharge current is given. The influence of the electric field exceeding the threshold value on the discharge process is preliminarily introduced. In the process of discharge, only the propagation velocity of the streamer is obviously higher than that of normal temperature and pressure, and the trend of the other parameters is basically the same as that described in the previous paper. The above results give us a deeper understanding of the discharge characteristics under low temperature and sub-atmospheric pressure, which has certain significance for the development of aviation and high voltage engineering.     

Time-dependent hydromagnetic stagnation point flow of a Maxwell nanofluid with melting heat effect and amended Fourier and Fick's laws

An unsteady stagnation point flow of a Maxwell fluid over a unidirectional linearly stretching sheet is studied under the influence of a magnetic field. The parabolic energy equation, which is based on parabolic Fourier law is replaced with a hyperbolic energy equation incorporating the heat flux model of Cattaneo–Christov. The Buongiorno model is used to characterize the properties of nanofluids using thermophoresis and Brownian diffusion coefficients. The phenomenon of melting heat transfer and slip mechanism is also embodied in the present study. Coupled nonlinear differential equations have appeared when the specified similarity transformations are applied. The mathematical problem is tackled via the homotopy analysis method. The impact of important physical parameters on the velocity, concentration, and temperature are highlighted via graphs. To verify our present results, a comparison is given with a limiting case with an already published article. It is witnessed through the graphs that the higher unsteadiness parameter and melting heat coefficient both are responsible for the reduction in the velocity and temperature of the nanofluid. Also, the velocity slip parameter detracts the velocity profile and affiliated boundary layer thickness of the Maxwell nanofluid.     

Microwave-assisted catalytic synthesis of phytosterol esters

A low-temperature reaction is of considerable importance in avoiding the degradation of phytosterol esters caused by high temperatures. In this study, an efficient method under mild conditions was developed to synthesise phytosterol esters by using microwave-assisted catalyst dodecyl benzene sulphonic acid (DBSA). The phytosterol conversion reached 94.27% under the optimal conditions: oleic acid to phytosterol molar ratio of 2.5:1, catalyst dosage of 20% (mol%) and reaction temperature of 60°C for 60 min. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy was applied to determine the structure of phytosterol oleates. Moreover, a second-order kinetic model describing phytosterols esterification exhibited an adequate agreement with the experimental data. Microwave irradiation achieved the reduction of energy barrier (Ea = 29.17 kJ mol⁻¹) in comparison with conventional heating (Ea = 49.22 kJ mol⁻¹). This study suggests that microwave-assisted catalyst DBSA is a reliable and efficient method for the production of high-quality phytosterol esters.     

河南省干热岩赋存地质环境及找矿方向

干热岩是战略性清洁能源,属于固体矿产范畴,其赋存条件受控于地质环境。在河南省干热岩资源调查项目基础上,结合国内外干热岩成藏特征和钻探成果综合研究分析认为:河南省干热岩热源主要以侵入岩体热传导和地幔热传导(深部隐伏断裂对流热传导)2种模式;其成藏环境必须具备巨大的稳定的高导热性岩体、巨厚的稳定的低导热性上覆盖层和深部热源3个基本条件。针对目前干热岩资源找矿理论和钻探存在的问题,提出了河南省干热岩初步找矿方向和建议,明确了加大钻探技术和工艺研发的重大意义。     

针对具体地质情况选择桩机的实践

结合工程实例，讨论了在大口径钻孔灌注桩施工中，如何针对具体地质情况选择不同的桩机的问题，从而提高施工效率。